As cities become larger, people become increasingly hungry for nature and clean, fresh air. That is why people tend to get out of the city as often as possible to spend the weekend in their own country house. The simplest option for construction is a summer house, which does not require wall insulation or a heating system. But you can take a break from the bustle of the city in such a house only in the summer, while the dacha season is underway.
An all-season house is suitable for year-round living, but during its construction it is necessary to solve certain, sometimes very difficult, issues. For example, ensuring high-quality heating of housing, which will make a country house suitable for living even in the most severe frosts.
Home heating options
One of the oldest and most common methods of heating a home is the use of stoves and fireplaces.
, the choice of which depends on your individual needs. If between heating the whole house and the beauty and atmosphere of comfort you choose the second option, then you should give your preference to a fireplace. It does not heat for long, the heat it creates quickly evaporates, but it burns very brightly and beautifully - an ideal solution for those who like to drink tea and look at the fire.
A brick stove for the home, in turn, can store heat for a very long time. In addition, the good thing about a Russian stove is that you can cook a lot of tasty and aromatic dishes in it, which, of course, cannot be done in a fireplace. Therefore, in most cases, country house projects are developed with a Russian stove, since this option is the most convenient and easiest to implement.
An example of a traditional house layout with a Russian stove
Autonomous gasification requires a special permit, and the installation of a liquid fuel boiler requires the installation of a special container for diesel fuel that can hold at least three tons of diesel fuel. When building a simple country house, such large expenses will be very irrational, unless only if a large family will permanently live in the house.
Project of a small country house with a stove
Log house with a turnkey stove: choosing a place for the stove?
The structure is located in the room where residents spend most of their time. Most often this is the living room.
- If this room is large, then it is better to place the stove in the center - in this case, warm air will be distributed evenly throughout the room.
- If you choose a place near the wall for the fireplace, then not all surfaces will give off heat evenly, so the overall heat transfer will decrease. For such placement, you can choose corner stoves, which take up little space and are suitable for small rooms.
- If the house has several small adjacent rooms, then you can place the stove in the opening between these rooms. To ensure that heat spreads evenly, small holes are made in the interior partition. Air convection using fans will help increase heat flow.
- Wall furnaces are installed near main walls.
A log house with a stove can have no more than four rooms. If there are more rooms or they are large, then they make two or three stoves or plan the heating system so that the stove is not the only source of heat.
Important rule!
In a log cottage, heat sources are distributed evenly throughout all rooms. In places where heat sources are installed, logs begin to crack because the wood is actively drying. To avoid distortion of a log house due to unevenness, you need to avoid spot heating.
For a log house with a stove, the design of the heating system is developed taking into account the physical characteristics of the wood.
Which stove is better to heat a house?
You can ensure warmth in your home not only by warming the air in the room, but also by having a well-heated floor, walls and interior items. In this case, the advantage is that the dew point of the facade walls shifts towards the external insulation. Accordingly, the internal walls are completely dry, as well as the absence of fungus, mold and moisture.
For such heating, you can use not only a Russian stove, which is made of brick, but also a metal structure, which is quickly and easily installed. You can install such a stove yourself, without the help of a specialist. The metal structure heats up very quickly, which allows you to immediately begin heating the room. Moreover, when the firebox stops working, the oven cools down just as quickly. Metal cannot accumulate heat; its heat capacity is very low, so only the air in the room warms up, not the walls.
Selection of a Russian stove today
It is worth considering various options for constructing a Russian stove in order to choose the most suitable device. They differ in size and functionality, so it’s worth taking a closer look at each option.
"Alya-rus"
The “ala-rus” option was created, rather, for design purposes, since it collects many classic household items and decorations that are usually associated with Russia and the history of the Russian village. However, there are a number of features:
- do not overload the structure with decorative elements or designs;
- for decoration you can use a balalaika or bunches of dried berries and herbs;
- There will definitely be a place on the walls for embroidered towels or amulets.
Such a stove will be a bright, noticeable spot that will never go unnoticed. For those who are close to traditional Russian superstitions, handmade figurines of brownies would be an excellent decoration option.
Russian hut
In a Russian hut, the classic interior is usually decorated from wooden materials. A classic stove made of brick or clay, finished with decorative materials, fits perfectly into the room. It has a number of features:
- You can use tiles for decoration, but it is unacceptable to use excessively bright shades;
- It is preferable to use blue, white and blue tones of decoration, inclusions of golden shades are acceptable;
- Old Russian classic patterns are used for decoration, which harmonize perfectly with wooden finishing materials.
This design does not necessarily have to be functional. It can only be used as a decorative element, decorating the room, giving it a cozy appearance.
Russian tower
The rich decoration of the Russian tower is most reminiscent of typical illustrations for old Russian fairy tales. A stove made in this style is a very bright and unusual spot in a modern interior, and it will go well with both classic wood and any modern materials. This type of oven has some characteristic features:
- it is permissible to decorate with a large number of tiles, giving a fabulous look to the design;
- the dimensions in this case are usually quite impressive, so it is worth choosing this option for large areas and rooms with massive large windows;
- When decorating, bright and unusual shades are used, and colorful tiles do not interfere with design ideas at all in this case.
If this option is not planned to use the heating function, then it is possible to make a decorative semblance of a stove against the wall from wooden materials, and the design can be complemented by an electric fireplace. In this case, the stove becomes exclusively a decoration, giving the interior motifs of a rustic Russian style.
How to heat a house with a brick stove
Projects of one-story houses with a stove involve placing the stove in such a way that it fully or partially acts as an interior partition. In a two-story cottage, the upper floor is heated using a chimney running along the wall and an additionally installed stone or brick fireplace. The undeniable advantage of such a system is the ability to accumulate and release heat even after the furnace has been fired.
Plan of the 1st floor of a house with a stove Plan of the 2nd floor
To summarize, if you heat a brick oven once for 3-4 hours, you can provide high-quality heating of rooms for at least 12 hours. The rooms on the second floor will be heated by a chimney running along common walls.
Brick stoves have only one drawback: their heating time is at least one hour.
Installation and operation rules
The shape and appearance of the stove is fixed by its drawing. Many people try to install it somewhere in a corner so that it doesn’t bother anyone or take up much space. But this is not the main installation criterion. As a rule, its most rational location is reflected in every heated house project developed by the company.
In 6x6 square cottages with an attic, as well as in a rectangular one-story house with an area of 6x8 or in a 6x9 one-story house, it is preferable to place the stove structure in the very center.
Detailed house plan with 8x8 fireplace stove
Then the effect from it will be greatest, because it will successfully warm up all the rooms. As practice has shown, it is impossible to install it near an external wall, so as not to heat the street.
If a home plan with a stove system is developed professionally, then after its implementation even in a two-story house it will be warm and cozy all year round. It is recommended to plan the stove in country or country houses no taller than two-story. If it is still cool on the second floor, then some residents close it for the winter, living only on the well-heated first floor.
Modern Russian brick stoves
Currently, the design of a traditional Russian stove has several options, which depend on the household needs of a particular family.
So, modern stove designs for the home are:
- With a stove and flood chamber. The slabs, which are the hearth of the furnace, are built into an array of structures. In the classic version, they remain a blank space.
- With a fireplace. With this option, it is possible to move the back wall of the Russian stove into another room using a partition. Such designs are considered quite practical, since they do not require the installation of an additional chimney outlet or a separate foundation for the fireplace.
Brick stove-fireplace in a country house - With independent firebox and trestle bed. In the design of Russian stoves there is always space for a large bed, which can easily accommodate 2-3 people. In modern versions, the bed has been reduced, and an attached trestle bed has been added, which makes up for this lack of functionality. It is equipped with a full-fledged bed, while acting as an independent heating element.
How to light a stove in a log house?
At sub-zero temperatures, stoves are usually heated in the morning and evening. This is a rational mode, especially for small rooms. If you have built a log house with a large stove, then you need to heat it less often - once a day or two.
Large structures retain heat longer, so the air temperature remains at a comfortable level for a long time. But a lot of fuel and time are spent on warming up. The more time it takes to fire, the lower the efficiency of the stove as a whole, because a lot of heat goes into the atmosphere along with smoke and carbon monoxide.
For a country house that is used irregularly, a small-sized stove is suitable. Such designs heat up quickly and are economical to operate. In a wooden house for permanent residence, it is better to build a more massive heating device.
When choosing a project for a log house with a stove in the center, please note that according to the standards, a solid fuel stove can be installed in a room with an area of at least 16 m2. A smaller room will lack air. The structure is located in the room where residents spend most of their time. Most often this is the living room.
Location of the stove in the house
The layout of a house with stove heating is carried out depending on the main purpose of the stove. Cookers, which are used daily for cooking, are placed in living rooms or kitchens. A heating panel can act as a partition and for heat transfer, protruding as much as possible into the room where more heating is required. The kitchen area receives the required amount of heat from the cast iron stove and firebox.
Options for placing the stove in a private house
If the design of a house with a Russian stove, first of all, involves high-quality heating of the premises, then it is more advisable to place the stove design near the coldest outer wall. Thanks to this arrangement, the movement of cold air near the floor is eliminated, which does not always give good results with stove heating. Heating stoves, in most cases, are located next to doorways or in partitions separating rooms, with the combustion door as close as possible to the front door.
In any case, it is recommended to position the stoves in such a way that they occupy as little usable space as possible, while allowing maximum warm working surface access to the room where heating is required. A chimney outlet should be provided between the roof rafters and the beams of the interfloor or attic floor. The blower doors and the furnace are positioned in such a way that there is at least one meter of free space from them to the wall or partition.
Examples of successful design
Oven in the center
This layout of a house with a stove is considered the best. The firebox usually opens into the kitchen. If there is a hob, it is located in the kitchen area. The stove can heat no more than 3 rooms located nearby.
Stove in the corner
This option is convenient if the heating structure includes a stove bench. It is more comfortable to place it to the side rather than in the middle of the room. In this case, planning is carried out privately.
Stove in the center of the house
Stove in the corner of the room
Multiple heat sources
Sometimes two or more stoves are installed in a one-story house. The main disadvantage of this scheme is the need to heat them separately, spending significantly more fuel to heat the house. Central placement is more efficient.
Russian stove
Russian stove with a sunbed and hob
All possible designs are similar to each other, but there are some differences. You can build the following types of Russian stoves in your home:
- With a stove. They are mounted into the base of the heating structure; they usually represent a closed space.
- With a fireplace. This option can be arranged in the hall to enjoy the view of the burning fire.
- With a trestle bed. A separate place for rest and sleep is expected, as it was in the old days.
- With hob. Such a device creates a cozy indoor climate and a place for preparing home-cooked food.
When creating a house project with stove heating, you need to take into account that 1 m2 of stove heats approximately 35 m2 of the house area.
Kitchen design with Russian stove
The compositional center of such a kitchen is undoubtedly the Russian stove, which is usually located in the corner of the room. One or two small sofas are placed opposite it, thereby creating a kind of relaxation area where you can sit with friends over a cup of tea.
An example of a modern kitchen interior design with a small oven in the corner
It will be simply wonderful if in the kitchen, even at the design stage of the house, it was envisaged that there would be large windows that would let in a large amount of natural light. To decorate this recreation area, you can use flowers in pots and vases, small paintings in wooden frames, dishes painted to resemble Gzhel and Khokhloma. If the size of the kitchen allows, then near one of the walls you can place a cabinet with shelves where sets and dishes will be stored.
The food preparation area is arranged along one wall, along its entire length. Lower cabinets are usually used to store dishes and various kitchen utensils. Lower cabinets of different heights allow you to create a very unusual and interesting effect, which is sure to become a special, distinctive feature of your kitchen.
The smallest cabinet, which is located below all the others, is ideal for storing bags or cans. On the countertop you can place a couple of pots of flowers or even herbs - dill, lettuce or onions, which will significantly simplify the cooking process, because the necessary seasoning will always be at hand.
Russian stove in the interior of a modern country house
The Russian stove is an integral part of Russian culture, its soul. You rarely see it in a modern country house, but when it happens, it invariably becomes the center of attention. And although it is capable of fully heating the entire house, a Russian stove is often installed as a highlight of the interior, even in those houses where the home is heated by other sources. Representative of the non-profit partnership Alexander Klementyev, director, told us about where in the house to find a suitable place for a Russian stove, how to decorate it and how to care for it.
History of the Russian stove
Types of Russian stoves
Where is it better to place a Russian stove in a country house?
How to veneer a Russian stove in a country house?
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History of the Russian stove
It is impossible not to mention the historical component of the Russian stove, since many signs, beliefs and legends are associated with it. Since ancient times in Rus' it has been an important part of everyday life. Until the 13th century, such stoves were fired in a black way: the smoke came out through the door, settling in a dense layer of soot on the walls and ceiling. They were called chickens. Later they began to be equipped with devices for removing smoke - small windows in the wall, smoke pipes (holes in the roof), and then chimneys.
In the 18th century, Russian stoves began to have pipes that are familiar to us. They began to be made from refractory bricks, for which they received the name “white”. The Russian stove was always placed strictly in the corner - to the right or left of the entrance. And between the wall and the stove there was space left for household utensils - pokers, grips and brooms. Indicators of the great wealth of the owners were adobe ovens. Compared to brick stoves, such stoves held heat better and did not crack or crumble.
There are many signs and legends associated with the Russian stove. So, they always set the stove when the moon was full. It was believed that it would be stronger this way. And between the layers of clay, for greater strength, a little salt was sprinkled. Through the mouth of the stove, communication took place with the spirits - they whispered wishes to them and asked for safety on the way. It was believed that the owner of the house, the brownie, lived in the oven. The stove was decorated for him to appease him, and food was left near it.
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The keeper of the hearth, a woman, was always responsible for the stove in the house. That is why the dimensions of the stove were selected according to the measurements taken from the owner.
For example, having seated a woman on a stool, they measured the distance from the top button of her collar to the seat of the stool: this was the height of the arch of the inside of the stove. And the height of a woman + two matchboxes is a guideline for selecting the height of the stove itself.
The Russian stove was also used in wedding ceremonies - the groom had to steal his betrothed from it.
Kiln coals were used for folk medicines.
In the 20th century, under the influence of technological progress, the Russian stove also changed. Hot stoves with a blower and a water-heating box appeared.
Types of Russian stoves
Based on the shape and location of the stove bed, there are several types of Russian stoves. The bed has always been an important part of the stove, because you can always relax on it in warmth and comfort.
- The classic version of the Russian stove is the stove with a transverse bed. The bed is located behind the mouth and pipe. There are two side beds.
- Stove with a longitudinal bench. The bed is located behind the firebox. Consequently, the resting space becomes wider. There is also a place to store stove equipment and firewood.
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The stoves also differ in their combustion chamber.
- Stoves with a conventional firebox. On one side of the furnace there is a furnace and a furnace. There is also a bed; steps lead up to it, which can also be used for household purposes.
- Stoves with firebox and fireplace. It combines a stove and a fireplace in one design. The stove is located in the kitchen, and the fireplace is located in another room. And if you place the stove in the corner of the room, it heats three rooms at once.
Where to place the Russian stove?
As a rule, in a modern country house, a Russian stove is located in the kitchen or living room. Let's look at both of these options.
Features of placing a Russian stove in the kitchen
Perhaps the kitchen is the best place for her. However, if you are going to cook on it, it is better to move the dining area further away. Then the heat from the fire will not bother you or your guests. Household appliances also need to be removed from the stove, observing fire safety rules.
It is better to equip a kitchen with a Russian stove in a rustic style, with a ceiling and walls made of wood. Wallpaper or suspended ceilings are impractical, since the heat emanating from the stove will quickly deform them and ruin their appearance. In this case, the gender can be absolutely any. It is advisable to cover the space in front of the firebox with ceramic tiles or stone.
Living room with stove
Sometimes, given the layout of the house, it is better to place the stove in the living room. Since it will become the main source of heat, furniture should be placed around it, maintaining a safe distance. In the interior it is enough to maintain the general style. A good solution would be to add wood elements. In order for the stove to look impressive in the living room, simple, no-frills furniture in a calm color scheme is selected for it. It is important not to overshadow the stove and leave it as the center of the room.
Lighting should also be unobtrusive: a discreet lampshade or stylized as a kerosene lamp. On the stove itself you can equip a bed, decorate it with rugs, a blanket and voluminous pillows.
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In large living rooms, a massive Russian stove can be used as a space divider into zones. For example, separate the library from the recreation area.
The traditional Russian stove can be adapted for a modern style. To do this, you need to decorate the hearth with artificial stone or clinker bricks, replace the furniture with more modern leather ones, and add interesting accessories.
How to decorate a Russian stove?
The choice of material for lining the stove depends entirely on your taste preferences and financial capabilities. There are a huge variety of options for decorating it. You can get ideas from boarding schools or magazines, or contact a designer. Often, when decorating Russian stoves, materials and methods of Oriental and Mexican styles are used. Sometimes several styles belonging to one direction - ethnic - are mixed together. For example, Russian and Mexican, Russian and Oriental, country and Mexican.
Oven tiling
A Russian stove decorated with tiles will look beautiful and original. In this case, the tile must be heat-resistant and it is attached not only to the mortar, but also to special nails. The most expensive option is cladding with natural marble or any other natural stone.
We decorate the stove with plaster and paint
This is a beautiful and budget-friendly cladding option. First you need to heat the oven well and moisten the surface with water. The plaster is applied in two layers: the first has a consistency similar to sour cream, the second is denser. After plastering, the stove is covered with water-based paint of the color you need. If the living room or kitchen is in dark colors, then a light stove would be more appropriate. To visually reduce the size of the fireplace, you can paint the stove with paint a shade darker than the furniture.
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Decorating the stove with tiles
A Russian stove decorated with tiles looks incredibly beautiful and impressive. However, such a design is only possible with brickwork. This cladding method is considered the oldest and most traditional. Tiles are made from refractory clay. Each has two parts: a front and a rump (clay box). Using the reverse side - the rumpa - the tile is attached to the wall of the stove, and the front part is covered with glaze with an ornament and has a decorative function.
To lay the tiles correctly, you need to try hard. Facing begins from the bottom row. Each tile is moistened with water and secured with a pin inserted vertically into the hole in the pump. The cavities of the pump are filled with clay mortar with the addition of crushed brick: the formation of voids is extremely undesirable. After this, the seams are rubbed with a special gypsum test.
The choice of colors and patterns decorating the tiles depends on your personal preferences. These can be either embossed or flat options, plain or with color painting.
Decorating the stove with household elements
If you want to decorate a finished stove and hide minor defects, use the following simple techniques.
- hang beautifully embroidered towels
- place ceramic dishes or old cast iron pots on the stove,
- hang bunches of herbs.
- Next to the stove you can place a small woodpile or stand for firewood, a grip and other accessories, and place a chest not far from it
- and finally, cover the stove with blankets and scatter beautiful pillows on the bed.
