Design features
Today there are several options for staircase designs. They are assembled from marching spans or straight modules. There are curved stairs, screw devices, curved structures and combined ones. When designing them, several rules are taken into account:
- Every ten steps you need to create platforms that will help you stop, rest, and catch your breath.
- If space allows, it is important to install a staircase on which two people can easily pass each other.
- Engineers have found that it is comfortable to climb up if the width of the steps is 80 cm and the height is 15-20 cm.
- The staircase structure should be installed at an angle of 45 degrees. You can deviate from this standard, but no more than 20 degrees from the standard value. Otherwise, it will be unsafe to use the lift.
The optimal angle of inclination of the stairs is 45° Source dekormyhome.ru
If there is no space to install a standard staircase, it is allowed to install screw structures. It can have a large number of turns; using such a staircase is always inconvenient. This must be taken into account when drawing up a project for your future home.
Railings are an essential structural element. They allow a person to lean on during ascent/descent and gain safety. Many people believe that such support is only needed by older people or young children. But practice shows that a young adult also needs such support. Therefore, there is no way to do without railings. If suddenly someone stumbles, someone gets dizzy, he will be able to firmly grab the fence and not stumble or fall.
Reliable railings are a mandatory element of the design of stair railings Source nikelstroy.ru
In addition to providing safety, railings have another important function - aesthetic. They form the appearance of the staircase, decorate it, and make the heavy structure more attractive. Beautiful railings emphasize the chosen stylistic concept; designers love to experiment and use them to create familiar or non-standard designs.
From a technical point of view, fences consist of several elements. Their basis is balusters - vertically located elements that are attached to the end of each flight of stairs. At the top they connect to the handrail and form a stable structure on which an adult can safely lean his entire weight.
Balusters are the main structural element of stair railings Source ombar.ru
Different structures can be attached between the balusters. They most often serve a decorative function, but where people are constantly going up and down, they are necessary to enhance the stability of the fences. Depending on the design, the fillers can be classic. Such fillers, like balusters, are arranged vertically, but unlike them they have a complex shaped shape.
If small children or pets live in the house, solid panels are installed for greater safety. They are also attached to the balusters. Patterned filling looks most impressive. It is most often made of metal using artistic forging. Despite their massiveness, staircases decorated with such elements become light and airy.
Filling between balusters Source myhome.ru
The modern market offers different options for making railings; there are also ready-made options that are created by assembling them from separate elements. It is possible to order them from any available material: wood, glass, metal. Exclusive railings for the stairs to the house are ordered by those who want to emphasize their social status or demonstrate their delicate taste.
Exclusive wooden staircase with unusual railings Source homeli.ru
Varieties of spiral staircases: photos of luxurious design options
There are 4 types of such stairs. Each of them has its own subtleties and installation features:
- a spiral staircase with simple wedge-shaped steps. The narrow end of the steps is attached to the support pillar, and the wide end rests on the walls surrounding the stairs.
- the spiral staircase design can be made without supporting walls. This type involves cantilever mounting of steps on a middle monolithic support column.
- spiral metal staircases are one of the most popular today, especially steel ones with an internal support rod. It serves as the supporting basis of the entire structure, so it is made of a metal pipe with thick walls with a diameter of 50 millimeters or more.
- stairs without a standard support pillar are some of the most spectacular, but the most complex in their design and installation. The steps of such a staircase are attached to bowstrings, which are curved in the shape of a spiral and turn into railings.
Existing standards
A rich assortment today allows us to implement any, even the most daring projects, but in the pursuit of beauty we must not forget that railings must first of all ensure safety and reduce the risk of injury. Compliance with norms and standards helps achieve this.
In order to make it comfortable to go up and down the stairs, you need to choose the optimal height of the railings. This can be done experimentally: an adult should, going down the stairs, extend his arm in front of him. His assistant, armed with a tape measure, must measure the distance from his hand to the step located under it.
The optimal height of the stair railing is 90 cm Source devynoh.sadunibo.ru.net
On our website you can find contacts of construction companies that offer ]development and work on internal redevelopment[/anchor], including installation of stairs. You can communicate directly with representatives by visiting the “Low-Rise Country” exhibition of houses.
When manufacturing standard structures, handrails are installed at a height of 90 cm from the flight span. If there are small children in the house, you can install two handrails: one for adults with a height of 90 to 110 cm, the other for children with a height of 50 cm.
The distance between the balusters in any type of design should not exceed 50 cm. And if there is a small child in the house, then for safety reasons the distance between the balusters should be 15 cm. This will eliminate the risk of the baby falling out of the flight of stairs.
Double handrails: for adults and for children Source vseolestnicah.ru
The number of balusters is adjusted by the weight of the handrail. There should be exactly as many of them as needed to eliminate the sagging of the supporting element. In the classic design, one baluster is attached to each step. There are unusual railings with several balusters attached to each step. It always looks impressive, but such a technique is justified only when with its help the execution of a specific stylistic concept is formed. If the width of the stairs is more than a meter, you need to install fences on both sides.
Fencing on both sides of the staircase Source huxatem.mebocap.ru.net
Installation rules and procedures
Before installing the handrail, you must pay attention to the following features:
- What is the purpose of the room in which it will be installed?
- Types of installed stairs and their sizes.
Let's look at the procedure for installing handrails using stainless steel products as an example. To obtain a high-quality result, you must follow a few simple rules:
- Handrails should be located at a height of 900 mm from the supporting surface (steps). This height is a recommendation and can be changed based on the needs of the residents of the house. If we are talking about installing handrails in a public place, then it is advisable to proceed from this. If there will be children in the room, then it is permissible for them to attach another handrail at a lower height.
- The shape and size of the handrail must be selected so that it is comfortable for the hand of the person who will use it.
- The distance between the support brackets is selected individually, but you can focus on a value within one meter.
Fastening the handrail to the wall can be done using ordinary dowels.
Mounting options.
Main stages of installation
Like any construction work, installation of wall handrails is carried out in a certain sequence. It looks something like this:
- Marking. On the surface of the wall to which the load-bearing brackets will be attached, it is necessary to mark their installation locations.
- Checking the markup. The approximate dimensions that must be observed are indicated above.
- Installing the first bracket. Depending on the method of its fastening, it is necessary to prepare places for installing fasteners.
- Installing the last bracket.
- Checking compliance of installed parts with project requirements.
- Installation of intermediate fastening points.
- Final assembly and quality check.
To perform these works the following tool will be required:
- measuring instrument - tape measure, etc.;
- electric hammer or impact drill;
- marker, plumbing tool, etc.
We must not forget about personal protective equipment - gloves, goggles, and sometimes respirators.
Execution options
There are a lot of options for making stair railings. Diversity is achieved by using different materials and types of fastening. Experts divide all products into two types:
- Interior fences are those that are used inside residential premises. They have a presentable appearance, the base material is wood and glass.
- Exterior structures are those that are installed outside residential premises. They have a less intricate design, a simpler design, and dark-colored materials are used for their manufacture. Most often it is concrete and metal.
Each material has its own characteristics, advantages and disadvantages. Therefore, it makes sense to talk about this in more detail.
Combination of wood and metal in the stair railing system Source nengen.club
Tree
There are many materials used to make staircase railings in a private home today, but wood products are still the most popular among customers. It is not difficult to explain why this happens. We all strive to choose environmentally friendly materials that, during operation, are not capable of harming human health. Wood is a warm material, it fits well into home interiors and has an attractive appearance. It is difficult to break or scratch.
Wooden fencing structure of a home staircase Source derles.ru
This might be interesting!
In the article at the following link, read about the width of the stairs to the second floor in a private house.
There are a large number of tree species. Each wood has its own color and its own characteristic texture. There are rocks that are used to make products that can last for hundreds of years. Different types of raw materials cost different things. There are affordable options, and there are very expensive, elite varieties. They are expensive, but well emphasize their material status. Many people prefer to overpay and flaunt their wealth. Stairs made entirely of wood fit perfectly into classic interiors.
Wooden staircase railing, stylized as Russian antiquity Source lestnitsi.kiev.ua
Metal
For those who want to ensure maximum safety, experts recommend choosing and installing metal railings - they are suitable for stairs in a private home when the interiors are decorated in a modern style. There is a wide range of fences made of aluminum and steel. There are expensive brass and nickel-plated railings. All products have similar performance characteristics. They have:
- long periods of use;
- modern stylish look;
- corrosion resistance.
Chromed metal fencing Source adelison.ru
Metal railings coated with special compounds are not afraid of moisture, they do not rust, so they can be easily installed both indoors and outdoors. The most affordable fencing is made of stainless steel. Handmade forged products are more expensive. They are made using different technologies.
Cold forging is chosen when it is necessary to produce products of the simplest shape. Rods are used as raw materials. The result is simple products that are often used to form railings for outdoor porches. Hot forging is a creative and very labor-intensive process that requires artistic talent. Blacksmiths do not work according to pre-set talents. Each of their works is an exclusive project, which is implemented according to a pre-developed sketch. The products are intricate and ornate. They are often installed inside luxury cottages.
Staircase with wrought iron railings Source satu.kz
This might be interesting!
In the article at the following link, read about railings for stairs in a private house.
Both of them do not require constant care. To extend their service life, like wood, they do not need to be constantly treated with antiseptics and varnished. To keep it clean, it is enough to periodically wipe the fences with a damp cloth. Forged railings are not afraid of moisture, temperature changes, and are difficult to scratch. Railings made of steel and aluminum cannot boast of such advantages. Over time, they become unattractive, and their bolt-on design loses its stability. Forged fences have one drawback - their prohibitively high price. Not everyone can afford to buy such beautiful stair railings.
Advantages of metal fencing over wooden railings
The reputation of such products is due to their easy installation and the ability to combine with different types of stairs.
They have certain advantages over railings made of other materials:
- Long service life. Metal products, unlike wooden elements, do not require replacement during the entire period of operation.
- Price. The price of simple metal structures is less than similar wooden products.
- Variety of design options. Patterns of various configurations can be made from metal and any artistic ideas can be brought to life.
- Metal railings can withstand loads in the form of precipitation and temperature changes for a long time without losing their original beauty.
Important! Balusters in a fencing design can be either load-bearing, decorative or universal elements.
The only downside is that making a metal fence takes longer and, accordingly, is more expensive than its wood counterparts.
Video description
The video shows a version of forged railings:
Glass
Despite its fragility, this material is often used to manufacture the systems described. His choice becomes justified when a modern interior is created. You can install glass handrails in a few days; any craftsman with carpenter skills can do this.
Tempered glass fencing Source m.yukle.mobi
Illuminated glass fencing Source steklopiter.ru
There is a wide range of finished products on the market. Today, glass is produced that easily withstands the effects of cold and heat. They are difficult to break, difficult to scratch, but if it happens that one of the sections becomes deformed, it will not be difficult to replace it with a new one. Bulletproof modifications are available for sale. They can last as long as high-quality wood and forged metal. Modern glass railings are ideal for implementing high-tech, Scandinavian style, and minimalism.
Glass stair railing in high-tech style Source promtu.ru
Glass fencing in a minimalist room Source pinterest.ca
This choice has two disadvantages: high price and difficulty of maintenance. Fingerprints remain on the glass, dust is clearly visible on them, and to maintain the appearance you will have to wash the fences frequently.
Transparent stair railing Source blackcablist.com
This might be interesting!
In the article at the following link, read about stairs for cottages.
Plastic
Polymer materials have high strength, so their scope of application is very diverse. The low price contributes to its popularity. If plastic railings are chosen for a staircase in a private house, the owner must be mentally prepared for the fact that the design of the described technical element will be as simple as possible. The fence will be easy to care for; it will not need to be coated with varnish and fire retardant every year. But any blow of great force will easily destroy the structure. This must be taken into account.
PVC stair railings Source quizo.me
Concrete and stone
These two materials are rarely used for the manufacture of stair railings in a private home. This happens because the products weigh a lot, and stone railings are also expensive. The strength and strength are not in doubt, they are exceptionally high, they are not afraid of weather anomalies and temperature fluctuations.
Spiral staircase made of concrete Source board.com.ua
Various techniques are used to make railings and balusters, so carved, turned, and hewn products are available for sale. The first ones have a refined shape. The latter are characterized by roundness of shape. Still others look like columns with perfectly smooth edges. The choice of one type provides a completely different appearance of the entire fencing structure.
Concrete balusters and railings Source sbr.misterurister.info
Non-standard solutions
Essentially, stair railings can be made from anything. The choice of traditional options is justified by the fact that the safety of the design has been tested by time. This gives confidence; psychologically, a person going up or down the stairs feels comfortable.
Staircase with rope fencing Source kakpostroit.su
Staircase railing made of thick tree branches Source umelyremont.ru
This might be interesting!
In the article at the following link, read about the staircase calculator to the second floor in a private house.
Some craftsmen make handrails from scrap materials. Such designs always look extravagant and unusual. Look at the photo, it shows a fence made of twisted rope and ropes. Handrails made from unplaned branches and unprocessed logs look good. When such an object appears in the house, it must be supported in the interior and played with in the decor. Then it will be justified.
Fences made of logs Source olestnicah.ru
Unusual stair railing design Source gidlestnic.ru
Steel cable fencing Source aifaresidency.com
Rope stair railing Source www.pinterest.ru
Enclosing structure of a flight of stairs made of galvanized cable Source www.taffetaandcedar.com
Metal fencing in loft style Source cendcor.com
Today you don’t have to invent anything. Manufacturers themselves develop collections that feature non-standard designs and railings. They have options that will delight lovers of exclusivity. Look at the following photos, maybe someone will like some of them.
Details
The design of forged railings includes several components that are mandatory to ensure stability and strength. Next, let's look at the details briefly; if you need more detail, go here.
Pillars
Forged railing posts can be made of profile pipe - a modern type of rolled metal. There are a large number of shapes: square, rectangle, oval. This allows you to choose the optimal solution. Another advantage is the affordable cost .
Wrought iron railings with square profile posts
Forged pillars can serve as supports for railings . They have a whole list of advantages : long service life; variety of shapes and designs; ease of installation and maintenance. Below are convex railings with a symmetrical pattern, which look especially good in combination with brick walls.
Forged railings with forged pillars created from four rods and balls
Twisted pipe is a popular type of rolled art and is actively used in the manufacture of posts for forged railings.
Main advantages :
- decorativeness;
- practicality;
- presence of a drawing.
Photo “Artistic forging”. Wrought iron railings with twisted pipe posts
Filling
The filling of forged railings consists of elements located in the spans between the posts. Vertical balusters , as well as various compositions can be used as details
Infills are designed and produced with safety in mind, in accordance with the design of the environment and the wishes of the customer.
The designer has the opportunity to create unique patterns of forged railings , the blacksmith will bring the project to life.
A more budget-friendly option is to purchase a ready-made railing section. If desired, it can be decorated with decorative and functional details.
The grapevine gives the railings a special attractiveness . A design with a similar element demonstrates the excellent taste of the owner and is an object of well-being and prosperity.
Balusters
Balusters are forged products used to support and fill sections of railings and fences; fences and gates. Companies produce balusters of various shapes and figures. Therefore, it will not be difficult for the client to choose the product that is optimal in design and size, suitable for a specific design.
Handrails
Metal and wooden products are used as handrails for forged railings . Both combinations are harmonious, interesting and original. Each client will decide for themselves which material to choose.
Photo “Reiri”
