Composition and characteristics of acrylic paints, use in painting and artistic work

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Let's talk about why acrylic paint is so popular today, what features it has, and what you need to know to choose a material to perform various construction works. We will talk about the advantages and disadvantages of acrylic-based paints, and reveal the features of the technology for working with them.


Acrylic paints for construction work Source interier-vyksa.ru

Consumption

The consumption of acrylic paint per square meter is influenced by a number of indicators. This value in practice is determined by the following:

  • Conditions in which it is planned to use paint for surface treatment.
  • The structure and material of the structure itself, as well as the type of acrylic composition.
  • A tool for applying paint to a prepared surface.
  • How well the coating is prepared, the presence of cracks and irregularities on it.

The number of layers of dye that are applied to the surface to be finished. All of these points directly affect the consumption of acrylic dye per square meter. Their consumption rate is in the range of 100-350 grams per square meter.

The choice of paints and varnishes today is quite large. Acrylic paints are one of the most popular options. They successfully combine functional and aesthetic characteristics. The dyes are universal and durable, and there is nothing complicated in caring for them.

Production and origin

Acrylic paints appeared on the market relatively recently. Scientists, in the process of splitting acrylic acid, were able to isolate a substance that became the basis for the manufacture of the polymer. It is a pure synthetic material. It has a transparent texture and excellent technical properties. The material does not have a pungent odor. It is very durable, tolerates thermal changes well, and is not afraid of ultraviolet radiation.

Using acrylic resins, manufacturers have learned to produce paints and paints. They prepare a solution, add a polymer dispersion, a binder, and a coloring pigment to it. The result is a material, after application of which a film is formed on the surface being treated that can protect against external factors. This paint adheres very well to the base and has a high degree of adhesion. Its quality depends on the type of acrylic resin and the fillers used. With their help, the viscosity of the paint and its matting are “formed”.


Polymer base for the production of acrylic paints Source svopi.ru

This indicator is adjusted by adding a solvent. When deciding how to dilute acrylic paint, you need to carefully study the manufacturer's instructions. The main parameters of the composition are indicated there, the scope of its use is indicated, and the main stages of preparing the paint for construction work are listed. The composition of acrylic paints provides their advantages:

  • They are environmentally friendly and do not contain substances hazardous to human health.
  • They are easy to work with, the compositions are applied in an even layer and dry quickly.
  • The paints are odorless, so you can work with them even indoors.
  • The materials are not prone to fire, they do not contain flammable substances.
  • The ability to add pigments allows manufacturers to produce paints in a wide color palette. Today, using them you can not only paint various types of surfaces, but also create colorful paintings. What makes artists who paint walls and ceilings happy?


Acrylic paint colors Source giveart.ru

  • The time for complete drying of one layer is three hours.
  • After application, a film that is resistant to abrasion is formed on the surface. The color does not fade in the sun.
  • The painted surface does not lose its attractiveness for ten years.
  • The composition of the paint is unique; after application, its layer reliably protects the surface from moisture, while it allows air to pass through well.
  • Painted areas are easy to clean, dirt particles do not stick to them, so the maintenance process is noticeably simplified.

Versatility and versatility provide a wide range of applications. Experts, talking about what acrylic paints can be used for, draw attention to the fact that they can paint metal and wood, concrete, a layer of decorative plaster and even fabric. With their help, tuning of passenger cars is carried out. They are used by manicurists and pedicurists to create amazing nail designs. There are restrictions on some types of plastic, but otherwise there are no prohibitions.


Wall art painting Source remstatus.ru
See also: Catalog of house projects for which painting was used.

What types of acrylic paints are there?

Various recipes are used to prepare coloring compositions. They can be classified according to several criteria.

By solvent type

  • water-dispersed - as a rule, used during internal repair work. They are non-toxic and do not pose a threat to human health;
  • paints based on organic solvents are practical for exterior decoration. Their advantage is the possibility of application at any air temperature and the increased strength of the created coating, which can withstand even direct mechanical impact. Due to this, this type of paint is in demand in the automotive industry.

By purpose

What can be painted with acrylic paint? Almost everything. The main thing is to choose the right composition. Acrylic-based enamels are classified according to their types and scope of application.

And so, what can you use acrylic paints for:

  • external and internal finishing works;
  • car painting;
  • fabric finishing;
  • art painting;
  • for nails

Acrylic compositions are distinguished according to the type of surface to be painted.

  • for metal surfaces;
  • for finishing works (walls, ceilings);
  • universal.
  • for processing wooden coverings.
  • for glass and ceramics
  • for skin

As you can see, paints come in many different types. Depending on the purpose of use and scope of application, the structure and properties of the polymer composition has its own characteristics. You need to take this into account before using paint.

Acrylic compositions for outdoor use contain additional components that provide increased resistance to ultraviolet radiation and moisture, as well as mechanical damage. They are great for painting building exteriors, exterior doors and frames, fencing or any other outdoor surfaces.

Acrylic-based paints for interior decoration are less resistant to external irritants - this is not required of them. But they fit perfectly on any surface and retain their external qualities for a long time.

It is worth noting that there is a universal paint suitable for use both inside and outside the house.

Acrylic paints for automotive body work allow you to turn any vehicle into an exclusive work of art. Airbrushing is one of the ways to highlight a production model by applying an unusual design to it. Considering how much acrylic paints cost, this is an excellent solution.

The compositions used for dyeing fabrics differ from their industrial counterparts in the less aggressive nature of the liquid medium. They provide high-quality impregnation of the fabric due to special components on a dispersing basis, which ensure diffusion of the dye into the fabric fibers. To know how to properly apply acrylic to fabric, you need to study in detail the instructions on the paint container.

The specifics of manufacturing acrylic manicure paints involve the use of dissolvers, which make it possible to achieve complete grinding of solid polymer fractions. Many representatives of the fair sex already know what acrylic is, since such a procedure is in great demand in beauty salons.


By functions and effects

According to additional functions, acrylic-based enamels are divided into light- and water-resistant, high-strength paints, and washable ones.

According to the glare of the coating being formed, acrylic paints are:

  • glossy;
  • semi-gloss;
  • matte;
  • matte-silky.

By effects:

  • metallic
  • nacre
  • fluorescent


Types of paints

By mixing different proportions of the main components and adding additives, it is possible to create compositions for different surfaces. Acrylic paints for exterior use are available for sale. They contain substances that improve resistance to fading in the sun; their consistency is more similar to enamels. They are used to paint any surface that is located on the street: house facades, fences, gates.

In interior paints there are significantly fewer components that improve UV resistance. Antiseptics and fungicides can be added to them and prevent the formation of mold in places with high humidity.

If long-term work is planned, additives are added to the compositions to slow down the drying of the paint. They have a gel consistency. By using such components, it is possible to make technical breaks, and they do not in any way affect the quality of the finishing coating.


Weather-resistant acrylic facade paint Source ozon-st.cdn.ngenix.net

Note! Adding components can make the paint structure matte or glossy. Therefore, this must be taken into account before using them.

Metal paints are usually sold in aerosol form. To apply other types, it is better to use brushes with synthetic bristles or hard rollers.

See also: Catalog of companies that specialize in paints and varnishes and finishing works

How to paint

There are a number of significant points that need to be taken into account when working with acrylic paints. They are as follows:

For painting, it is recommended to use a special construction brush, roller or spray gun. It is better to choose a roller made of natural bristles that will not harden over time. The coating is evenly applied to the prepared surface in 2-3 layers. Each layer should be given time to set and dry. It is necessary to take into account the time during which the paint dries when working, and use a small container for painting. During the work process, it is important to promptly remove smudges and unpainted areas. To prevent the dye from getting on the skin, wear gloves and overalls. If this happens, the material is removed with a wet sponge.

Application technology

In order to obtain a high-quality result, the surface to be painted must first be cleaned of dirt and dust, and then primed. To do this, it is better to use a special composition or white acrylic paint diluted in half with water. If you ignore this process, the consumption of the finishing coat will double (both acrylic paint on wood and any other type are well absorbed into the base). If it is pre-coated with primer, much fewer layers will need to be applied.

If there is an old layer of paint, it is better not to experiment, but to remove it completely with a spatula. If this work is not done carefully, the result will not please you: the acrylic compositions are applied in a very even thin layer, and the presence of any defect is only emphasized and exposed.


Preparing walls for painting Source mtdata.ru

The direction in which the first layer of paint is applied does not matter. If the material is used to decorate walls or ceilings, it is better to apply the finishing layer towards the window. Then the finish will look perfect.

Before applying acrylic, glass and metal surfaces must be wiped with an alcohol composition, which allows the surface to be degreased. Then the paint layer will lie flat, and after drying the coating will be very strong and durable.

To choose the right color, you need to try on a separate piece of the material being processed. The fact is that acrylic paint for wood, metal, glass becomes a little darker after drying. It is important to pay attention to the structure of the composition. It can be glossy, matte, translucent and completely transparent. After hardening, it will be impossible to correct defects.


Acrylic paint darkens slightly after drying Source roomester.ru

Compositions based on aqueous emulsions

Water-based paint has certain water-repellent properties, which is why it is used for finishing walls and ceilings in toilets and kitchens. As a result, the water resistance of wood and plywood painted with water-based emulsion increases. However, the strength is quite average, which is why such compositions are not used in rooms with particularly high humidity, for example, in bathrooms and showers.

The low moisture resistance of water-based paints is due to the following. The matte surface that these compositions form is quite porous. Therefore, over time, water vapor penetrates into the pores. If for living rooms, where relative humidity rarely exceeds 65-70%, this circumstance is of little significance, then for bathrooms it is perhaps the main argument against.

If water-based paint is worth using, it should be used exclusively for finishing children’s rooms - due to the following advantages:

  • brightness (especially if you add a color-forming component);
  • a matte finish that is pleasing to a child’s eye (the presence of bright reflections has a bad effect on children’s visual organs);
  • no smell.

And the not very high durability of water-based paint in this case will be to the advantage of parents - the coating that is boring to children can be easily removed and replaced with the same one, but of a different color. By the way, it’s simply impossible to apply another water-based composition. The previous coating must be removed to the base, and then a new one must be applied. Water-based compositions are not suitable for painting metal, plastic, concrete and glass. But they do not have an unpleasant odor.

How to prepare the composition for painting

Any enamels must be diluted before application. Not everyone knows how to dilute acrylic paint. The manufacturer does not always indicate this item in the technical data sheet. If there is no additional information, you can dilute the paint with plain water. When the 1x1 ratio is selected, the ideal composition for priming the base is obtained.

If you need to apply a very thin layer that will lie evenly on the surface, experts advise adding two parts of water (200 ml per liter). The more water, the thinner the paint layer will be.

Note! The paint must be diluted in a separate container. You cannot pour water into the jar straight away. In such a situation, it will be difficult to control the consistency of the finished composition. Acrylic diluted with water cannot be stored. Once dry, it becomes unusable.


Water is the best base for acrylic paints Source kraskaok.ru
Hot boiled water is the best thinner for acrylic paints that are dried and unused. To “reanimate” them, you need to grind the dried paint into powder, and then pour boiling water into it. Leave for a few minutes, drain, and repeat the procedure again. After the paint has softened well, excess water is poured out, everything that remains in the container is thoroughly stirred. Of course, after such “reanimation” the material partially loses its properties, so experts do not recommend using it for painting “ceremonial” places. However, if you need to improve the appearance of an old shed, paint will do just fine.

Fluorescent paints “Tair Splash!”

Fluorescent acrylic paints are paints that glow when exposed to ultraviolet radiation. In natural light, these paints have increased saturation and brightness, since the light radiation falling on the fluorescent image is not absorbed, as is usually the case, but is enhanced due to the transformation of light energy.

Do not confuse fluorescent paint with luminescent paint, which is capable of accumulating light energy and releasing it in the dark! Fluorescent paints glow only in ultraviolet light!

The most important thing to remember when choosing acrylic paints is that all these lines are perfectly combined and mixed with each other, and also interact with all series of acrylic-based auxiliary materials.

And I, Larisa Sosnovskaya, an artist, wish you success in your creativity.

Briefly about the main thing

Acrylic paints are water-dispersion compositions that contain polymers, water, pigments and additives that improve the technical properties of materials. They differ from similar products in that they help form a very thin color layer that is resistant to moisture and ultraviolet radiation. It allows air to pass through well. Has high wear resistance. You can paint any surface with acrylic paints. They have one drawback - the high price. But greater durability more than compensates for any expenses.

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Compound

Acrylic paint consists of the following components:

  • Acrylic resins that form a protective film when cured.
  • Coloring pigments of organic and inorganic origin.
  • Plain water used as a solvent.
  • Natural and synthetic fillers. They give the coating strength.
  • Polyacrylates and polymethacrylates.

Acrylic paints have a simple composition and at the same time high-quality technical characteristics. They are common in construction and industry.

The water-dispersion base is the basic advantage of acrylic paints. Due to their composition they are suitable for almost all surfaces.

The binder component in paints is an aqueous suspension of synthetic resins. The base is polymers: ethyl, methyl butyl acrylic.

The main advantages of waterproof paint

Their most important advantage is their water-repellent properties. They are due to the presence of special compounds in the composition, which form a thin film on the surface that does not allow water molecules to pass into the structure. In addition, there are a number of other advantages:

  • Antiseptic properties . Walls, floors, ceilings and other surfaces treated with waterproof paint are not subject to the formation of mold. Fungus does not appear on them and bacteria do not multiply. This effect is observed for a long time after applying the coloring composition.
  • Wear resistance . Waterproof paint is less susceptible to abrasion. The surface can be cleaned of contaminants using chemicals, and this can be done as often as possible - the coating will not lose its initially attractive appearance and will not lose its performance qualities and properties.
  • Covers well and is economical . To get a beautiful surface, it is enough to apply only two layers of the composition, instead of 4-5.
  • Environmental friendliness . Paint used in wet areas (for example, AQUATEX) is absolutely safe for humans and the environment. It does not emit toxic or other harmful substances - and these are the most basic requirements for comfortable living in any home.

A bathroom, a bathroom, and a kitchen are the most expensive to repair and decorate, so you should not skimp on the quality of work and paint for the walls - the attractiveness of the interior and the service life of the finishing materials themselves depend on this.

  • Ease of application . Even a schoolboy can paint a wall! This process does not take much time and does not require special skills.
  • Durability . Moisture-resistant paint is resistant to fading, and even after several years it retains its original shade. It adheres well to the prepared base and does not chip.
  • Easy care . You can remove dirt with a regular damp cloth.
  • Aesthetics . A wide selection of colors allows you to create a comfortable and pleasing environment - a bathroom needs this no less than a living room or bedroom.

To achieve maximum benefits, experts recommend using two paints: the base paint and the top coat. In the latter case, water-based latex compositions made on the basis of acrylate are most often used. If you follow all the rules of coloring, you get an even and beautiful coating.

Acrylic based products

Acrylic paint compositions are considered the most versatile. They differ:

  • bright, smooth surface;
  • almost complete absence of odor and toxic components;
  • ease of use.

Acrylic paints firmly hold the leading position in the richness of color shades. Choosing acrylic paint colors for the kitchen, toilet, or hallway is often difficult due to the huge selection. The list of premises presented does not include bathrooms, and this is no coincidence. Acrylic is highly resistant to periodically changing relative humidity levels, but immediately loses its protective properties in cases where excess humidity occurs constantly. This is explained by the following properties of acrylic paints:

  • good adhesion only on smooth surfaces (in particular, plastic, plywood);
  • low abrasive resistance of acrylic against constant mechanical influences (for example, cleaning powders or pastes);
  • tendency to form fungi in hard-to-reach and poorly ventilated places.

Therefore, if there is no reliable supply and exhaust ventilation in the bathroom, painting with acrylic compounds will not lead to a significant increase in the moisture resistance of the finish coating.

Paints for baths and saunas

Baths and saunas are a separate category of premises in which high humidity is observed. In addition, there is almost always a high temperature here. Moisture and heat are two factors that need to be taken into account when choosing finishing materials, in particular paint for walls and floors. Modern compositions, developed specifically for baths and saunas, have the following properties:

  • Excellent surface protection from moisture;
  • The ability to penetrate into the substrate material to ensure resistance to adverse external influences and increase the strength of the coating;
  • Highly effective against mold, fungi, and all types of bacteria;
  • Dirt-repellent properties making cleaning easier;
  • Environmental friendliness (absence of toxic and other substances and components harmful to humans and the environment).

Using waterproof paints for baths and saunas, you can easily create a beautiful coating. The composition can be transparent or colored: in any case, it will favorably emphasize the texture of natural wood, which is used inside bath rooms. Some paints create a tinting effect, highlighting the natural pattern of the surface and giving it a more expensive and noble look.

Decorating walls in damp rooms with waterproof paint is the best option for creating a beautiful interior. The numerous advantages that modern compositions have make it possible to achieve long-lasting results that will delight the eye for many years. It is important to buy waterproof paint from trusted suppliers and manufacturers. This is the only way to guarantee high quality and rational investment of money in repair work.

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